Do CFLs contain
mercury?
CFLs contain a very small amount of mercury sealed within
the glass tubing – an average of 4 milligrams (mg). Bycomparison, older
thermometers contain about 500 milligrams of mercury – an amount equal
to the mercury in125 CFLs. Mercury is an essential part of CFLs; it
allows the bulb to be an efficient light source. No mercury isreleased
when the bulbs are intact (not broken) or in use.
Most makers of light bulbs have reduced mercury in their fluorescent
lighting products. Thanks to technology advances and a commitment from
members of the National Electrical Manufacturers Association, the
average
mercury content in CFLs has dropped at least 20 percent or more in the
past several years. Some manufacturers have even made further
reductions, dropping mercury content to 1 mg per light bulb.
What are mercury emissions caused by humans?
EPA estimates the U.S. is responsible for the release
of 103 metric tons of mercury emissions each year. More
than half of these emissions come from coal-fired electrical power.
Mercury released into the air is the main way that mercury gets into
water and bio-accumulates in fish. (Eating fish contaminated with
mercury is the main way for humans to be exposed.)
Most mercury vapor inside fluorescent light bulbs becomes bound to the
inside of the light bulb as it is used. EPA estimates that the rest of
the mercury within a CFL – about 11 percent2 – is released into air or
water when it is sent to a landfill, assuming the light bulb is broken.
Therefore,
if all 272 million CFLs3 sold in 2009 were sent to a landfill (versus
recycled, as a worst case) – they would add 0.12 metric tons, or 0.12
percent, to U.S. mercury emissions caused by humans. |